Ngo-2017, iWorld Health Organisation yahlongoza isu le"Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi, ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi, kanye nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi", okuhloselwe ukukhumbuza umphakathi ukuthi unake izimpawu kusengaphambili. Ngemuva kweminyaka yemali yangempela yemvelo,Lawa masu amathathu asephenduke indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke yokuvimbela umdlavuza.
Ngokusho kwe- "Global Cancer Report 2020" ekhishwe ngubani, kubikezelwe ukuthi inani lomdlavuza omusha emhlabeni wonke lizokhulisa abe yizigidi ezingama-30,2 kanti inani lokufa lizofika ezigidini eziyi-16,3.
Ngo-2020, kuzoba nomdlavuza omusha wezigidi eziyi-19 emhlabeni.Ngaleso sikhathi, umdlavuza omkhulu omkhulu onenqwaba yamakhandlela emhlabeni yile: umdlavuza webele (umdlavuza wamaphaphu (umdlavuza wamaphaphu (umdlavuza wezigidi)Ngokwesibalo somdlavuza omusha, umdlavuza wekoloni kanye nomdlavuza wesisubathi bangu-15.8% wabo bonke umdlavuza omusha.
Njengoba sonke sazi, ipheshana leManua libhekisela emlonyeni liya emnyango emhlaleni, okubandakanya i-esophagus, isiguli, amathumbu, umdlavuza omkhulu wokugaya ukudla okungukuthi Ukunakwa kwesu "ezintathu zokuqala" kufanele zisetshenziswe.
Ngo-2020, inani lamacala asha lomdlavuza ezweni lami laphinde lafika ezigidini ezingama-4,5, kanti inani lokufa komdlavuza lalingu-3 million.Isilinganiso sabantu abangu-15,000 satholakala benomdlavuza nsuku zonke, futhi abantu abangu-10,4 batholwa benomdlavuza njalo ngomzuzu. Okwesihlanu ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu(Ukubalwa kwe-17.9% yawo wonke umdlavuza omusha),Umdlavuza we-Colorectal (12.2%), umdlavuza wesisu (10.5%),Umdlavuza webele (9.1%), kanye nomdlavuza wesibindi (9%). Phakathi komdlavuza ongenhla okuhlanu kuphela,Umdlavuza we-gastrointestinalinalinalinalinalinalinaliwabalelwa ngo-31.7% wabo bonke umdlavuza omusha.Kuyabonakala ukuthi kudingeka sinake kakhulu ukutholwa nokuvimbela ukugaya umdlavuza.
Lokhu okulandelayo kunguhlelo lwe-2020 (uphenyo olukhethekile kanye nokuncoma kokuvimbela kwe-CAST Beihuii Tumor) okubandakanya ukunqamula kohlelo lokuvimbela izinhlungu kanye nohlelo lokuhlola:
Umdlavuza we-colorectal
Abantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-1.45 ubudala;
2.Speople ngaphezulu kwama-240 ngezimpawu ze-anorectal amasonto amabili ":
3.Phatients nge-ulcerative colitis isikhathi eside;
4.4 Abantu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa komdlavuza womdlavuza.
5. Inani labantu ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-adenoma yemibala;
I-6. Izihlobo ezisheshayo nomlando womndeni womdlavuza wezemibalali
7. Izihlobo ezisheshayo zeziguli ezitholakele umdlavuza wezemibala we-helvedive are aneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 ubudala
1. "Ukuhlolwa kwabantu okujwayelekile" kuhlangana no-1-5:
.
Colonoscopy njalo eminyakeni eyi-10 kuze kube seminyakeni engama-75;
(2) Labo asebekhulile ngo-76-85, abasempilweni enhle, nalabo abalindelwe empilweni yeminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, bangaqhubeka nokugcina umhlobiso.
2 Ngokuhambisana "nophenyo lwezempilo lwamalungu omndeni aseduze nomlando womndeni womdlavuza we-colorectal:
.
Izihlobo ze-degree yokuqala nangaphezulu nge-adenoma noma umdlavuza oqondile oqondile noma umdlavuza (noma yimuphi unyaka wokuqala), kusukela eminyakeni engu-40 (noma ukuqala ngeminyaka eyi-10 kunonyaka, kanye njalo ngonyaka, kanye njalo eminyakeni emihlanu ye-colonoscopy;
.
Qala ukubheka eneminyaka engama-40, ngokuhlolwa kwe-FOBT njalo ngonyaka kanye ne-colonoscopy njalo eminyakeni eyishumi. Ukuhlolwa kwamalungu omndeni "womdlavuza wevikeri wevikeri" umhlangano 7;
Kumalungu omndeni weziguli ezine-FAP ne-HNPCC, ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo kunconywa lapho ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo kunconywa ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo esimweni sokuqala emndenini kucacile.
. . Izindlela ezi-4 ezinconyiwe zokuhlola:
(1) Ukuhlolwa kwe-FOBT + Uphenyo oluphakathi lwevolumu yindlela esemqoka yophenyo lwe-HAN, futhi ubufakazi bunele:
(2) Ukutholwa kweGene okuhlosiwe okuningi kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukunemba kokubala, futhi intengo iyabiza kakhulu; (3) Uma izimo zivuma, ukuhlolwa kungaqhutshwa ngokuhlanganisa izindlela zesitulo negazi.
1. Ukuzivocavoca kunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuvela kwama-tumors, zinamathele ebuholini bezemidlalo, futhi babhukude ukugwema ukukhuluphala;
2. Ukudla kobuchopho okunempilo, kwandise ukwenziwa kwefayibha e-crude nezithelo ezintsha, futhi uvikele ukudla okunamafutha amaningi kanye namaprotheni aphezulu;
Izidakamizwa ezi-3 ezingewona umzimba kanye nezidakamizwa ze-anticancer zingasebenza ekuvikeleni umdlavuza wamathumbu. Abantu asebekhulile bangazama i-aspirin ephansi, enganciphisa ubungozi bezifo zenhliziyo kanye nezifo ze-cerebrovascular kanye nomdlavuza wamathumbu. Thintana nodokotela ngokusetshenziswa okuthile.
5.reduce ukubhema ukugwema ubuthi bayo besikhathi eside kanye nokuvuselelwa kokuvuvukala kuQinghua Dao.
Umdlavuza wesisu
Noma ngubani onesinye sezimo ezilandelayo into enobungozi obukhulu;
1. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60;
2 i-atrophic gastritis engu-2 elinamandla;
3. I-Ulcer engapheli yesisu;
4. Ama-polyps esiswini;
I-5. I-Giant Fold Sign of gastric mucosa;
6
7. Isisu se-remnant ngemuva kokuhlinzwa komdlavuza wesisu (izinyanga eziyi-6 kuya kwezi-12 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa);
8. Ukutheleleka kwe-Pelicobacter Pylori;
9. Umlando womndeni ocacile wesisu noma umdlavuza we-esophageal;
10. I-ANEMIA EBONAKALAYO:
11. I-polyposis ye-polyposis (FAP), i-Heredifary Non-Polyposis Colon (HNPCC) Umlando Womndeni Womndeni.
Iminyaka> Iminyaka engama-40 enobuhlungu besisu, ukubhekana nesisu, ukuqondiswa kwe-acid, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nezinye izimpawu ze-epigerast, ne-gastritic fold metallasia, isilonda esingu-gastric, isilonda esikhulu se-epithelial e-atyplasia nezinye izinto ezinomlando womndeni we Ama-tumors kufanele abhekane ne-gastroscopy ejwayelekile ngokwezincomo zobudokotela.
1. Sungula imikhuba yokudla enempilo kanye nesakhiwo sokudla, hhayi ngokweqile;
2. Ukuqedwa kwegciwane le-helicobacter Pylori,
3. Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhaza, okubabayo, okushiywe ngokweqile, nokudla okunzima, kanye nokudla okunamandla okuphezulu okufana nokubhema
4. Yekani ukubhema;
5. Phuza kancane utshwala noma utshwala obunzima;
6. Phumula futhi ucindezele ngokunengqondo
Umdlavuza we-esophageal
Iminyaka> Iminyaka engama-40 ubudala futhi ihlangana nanoma yiziphi izici ezilandelayo zengozi:
1. Kusuka endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yomdlavuza we-esophageal ezweni lami (indawo ebumnyene kakhulu yomdlavuza we-esophang ezweni lami, e-jujian, eGuangXi, enyakatho ye-Cian, e-Xinjia, enyakatho ye-Jiangsu, e-XINJIAN, kugxile ezindaweni eziphakemeyo);
2. Izimpawu eziphezulu zesisu, njenge-nausea, ukugabha, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuqondiswa kwe-acid, ukudla ukungaphatheki kahle nezinye izimpawu;
3. Umlando Womndeni Wobuhlungu be-Esophageal:
4. Ukuhlupheka ngenxa yesifo se-esophageal enobuhlakani noma izilonda ezinokulunga:
5. Yiba nezinto ezisengozini enkulu yomdlavuza we-esophageal njengokubhema, ukuphuza kakhulu, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukuthanda ukudla okushisayo, i-squamous cell carcinoma yekhanda nentamo noma ipheshana lokuphefumula;
6. Ukuhlupheka kusuka ePeriesophageal Reflux isifo (CERD);
7. Ukutheleleka kwe-Fauman Papillomavirus (HPV).
Abantu basengozini enkulu yomdlavuza we-esophageal:
1. I-Endoscopy ejwayelekile, kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili;
2 endoscopy ngokutholwa kwe-pathological of Dysplasia Mnene, endoscopy kanye ngonyaka;
I-endoscopy etholakele ye-pathological ye-dysplasia elinganiselayo, endoscopy njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha
1. Ungabhemi noma uyeke ukubhema;
2. Inani elincane lotshwala noma alukho utshwala;
3. Yidla ukudla okunengqondo, udle izithelo nemifino emisha ngokwengeziwe
4. Ukuthuthukisa ukuzivocavoca nokugcina isisindo esinempilo;
5. Ungadli ukudla okushisayo noma ukuphuza amanzi ashisayo.
Umdlavuza wesibindi
Amadoda ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35 nabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-45 kunoma yimaphi amaqembu alandelayo:
1. I-hepatitis B Virus (HBV) ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-HEPATITIS C Virus (HCV) elingamahlalakhona;
2. Labo abanomlando womndeni womdlavuza wesibindi;
I-3. Iziguli ezine-cirrhosis yesibindi ezibangelwa yi-Schistosomiasis, utshwala, i-cirrhosis eyinhloko ye-cirrhosis, njll;
4. Iziguli ezinokulimala kwesibindi kwezidakamizwa;
I-5. Iziguli ezinezifo ze-metabolic ezizuzwe njengefa, okubandakanya
6. Iziguli ezine-autoimmune Hepatitis;
7. Isifo Sesibindi Esingenasici Amafutha
1. Amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 nabesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-45 abanengozi enkulu yomdlavuza wesibindi kufanele aphenywe;
2. Ukusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) kanye nesibindi B-ultrasound, ukuhlolwa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6
1. I-hepatitis B yokugomela;
2. Iziguli ezinama-hepatitis angapheli kufanele athole ukwelashwa okulwa ne-antiviral ngokushesha nje ukulawula ukuphindaphinda kwegciwane le-hepatitis
3. Ukugwema noma ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala;
4. Yidla ukudla okukhanyayo futhi unciphise ukudla kokudla okunamafutha
5. Gwema ukuphuza kokudla okubunjiwe.
Umdlavuza we-pancreatic
Abantu abaneminyaka yobudala engama-40, ikakhulukazi ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50, nanoma iyiphi yalezi zinto ezilandelayo (into yesithupha ayikhulisi ubungozi bomdlavuza we-pancreatic, kepha ukuhlolwa ngokuvamile akukaze kwenziwe):
1. Umlando womndeni womdlavuza we-pancreatic kanye nesifo sikashukela;
2. Kunomlando wokubhema isikhathi eside, ukuphuza, okunamafutha amaningi nokudla okuphezulu;
3. Ukugcwala okuphakathi nendawo okuphezulu, ukungaphatheki kahle, ubuhlungu besisu ngaphandle kwesizathu esisobala, kanye nezimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukukhathala, ukudilizwa kwesisindo, izinhlungu eziphansi emuva, njll.
4. Iziqephu eziphindaphindwayo ze-papcreatitis engapheli, ikakhulukazi i-pancreatitis engapheli amatshe e-papcreatic, i-papcreatic douct-duct-hlobo nohlobo lwe-mucinous Papilloma, i-mucinous Adenoma yohlobo lwe-mucinous Papilloma, i-mucinous antonoma i-cystic adenoma, ne-serumopapillary eqinile, ne-serum ca19-9;
5. Ukuqala kwakamuva kwesifo sikashukela mellitus ngaphandle komlando womndeni;
6. I-Helicobacter Pylori (HP) enhle, umlando we-Oral Periodontitis, PJ SYNDROME, njll.
1. Lezi zifundo ezichazwe ngenhla zihlolwe ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi kwamamaki we-tumor afana ne-CA19-9, i-CA125 CEYA, njll.
2. I-CT noma i-MOR ukuhlolwa kanye ngonyaka kwalesi sibalo esishiwo ngenhla, ikakhulukazi labo abanomlando womndeni kanye nezilonda ezikhona ze-pancreatic
1. Yekani ukubhema nokulawulwa kotshwala;
2. Khuthaza ukukhanya, ukugaya kalula, ukudla okunamafutha aphansi;
3. Yidla izinkukhu eziningi, inhlanzi kanye ne-shrimp, futhi ukhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kwemifino "+", njengeklabishi eluhlaza, iklabishi, isithombo, i-broccoli, njll;
4. Khuthaza imisebenzi yangaphandle ye-aerobic
5
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Isikhathi Sokuposa: Sep-09-2022